Ontario, Canada · Curriculum spine

Grade 9

126 concepts across 7 subjects. Codes follow the ministry's own expectation numbers; where a course is broken into bites (chapter.bite), each bite names the expectations it covers.

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Mathematics (MTH1W)

The Ontario Curriculum, Grade 9: Mathematics, 2021 (de-streamed) · 42 concepts
Strand A

Social-Emotional Learning Skills and the Mathematical Processes

Persevering, managing stress, working with others, and using the mathematical processes.

1
  1. A1.1
    Thinking like a mathematician
    Use the mathematical processes: problem solving, reasoning, reflecting, connecting, communicating, and keep going when it is hard.
    reflection
    Coming to Studio
Chapter 1

Chapter 1 · Numbers & Sets

Unit 1 at school (11 days). What kinds of numbers there are, how they behave, and the rules that never break.

10
  1. 1.1
    Sets of numbers, part 1
    Counting numbers, then zero, then the negatives: natural, whole and integer, and how the sets sit inside each other.
    Ministry B1.2
    Coming to Studio
  2. 1.2
    Sets of numbers, part 2, and where numbers came from
    Fractions and decimals that end or repeat are rational; √2 and π are not. Plus the 5 000-year story of how we got our digits.
    After 1.1Ministry B1.2, B1.1
    Coming to Studio
  3. 1.3
    Integers
    A sign says which side of zero. Add, subtract, multiply and divide signed numbers and know why the rules hold.
    After 1.1Ministry B3.1, B3.3
    Coming to Studio
  4. 1.4
    Powers and scientific notation
    Write the powers out and the exponent laws appear. Then walk the decimal point to write huge and tiny numbers.
    After 1.3Ministry B2.1, B2.2
    Coming to Studio
  5. 1.5
    Rounding
    Find the target digit, look at the one after it, and let the rest go. Decimal places and significant figures.
    After 1.3Ministry A1
    Coming to Studio
  6. 1.6
    Order of operations
    BEDMAS: brackets, exponents, then divide and multiply left to right, then add and subtract left to right.
    After 1.4Ministry B3.3, B2.2
    Coming to Studio
  7. 1.7
    Fractions
    A fraction is a count of one kind of piece. Compare with common pieces; add and subtract with common denominators; flip to divide.
    After 1.3Ministry B3.2, B3.4
    Coming to Studio
  8. 1.8
    Infinity and limits
    Infinitely many is not a big number, it is a list that never ends. A limit is what a sequence gets closer and closer to.
    After 1.2Ministry B1.3
    Coming to Studio
  9. 1.9
    Density
    Between any two rational numbers there is always another one. Integers do not do that.
    After 1.8Ministry B1.3
    Coming to Studio
  10. 1.10
    Percent and rates
    Percent is a fraction of 100; a rate is an amount for one. Not on the school's Unit 1 handout, here so nothing on the Ministry list is missed.
    After 1.7Ministry B3.5
    Coming to Studio
Strand C

Algebra

Expressions, equations, coding, and linear relations.

15
  1. C1.1
    Where an algebra idea came from
    Research the history of an algebraic concept, like the equals sign or variables.
    reading pane
    Coming to Studio
  2. C1.2
    Writing expressions for patterns
    Create algebraic expressions that generalize a relationship shown in words, tables or diagrams.
    pattern blocks
    Coming to Studio
  3. C1.3
    Are these expressions equal?
    Compare expressions using properties of operations, substitution and models.
    After C1.2balance
    Coming to Studio
  4. C1.4
    Simplifying expressions
    Collect like terms and apply the distributive property to simplify expressions.
    After C1.3balance
    Coming to Studio
  5. C1.5
    Creating and solving equations
    Write an equation for a situation, solve it, and check the solution.
    After C1.4balance
    Coming to Studio
  6. C2.1
    Coding an algebra idea
    Write code that shows an algebraic concept, like evaluating an expression for many inputs.
    After C1.2code blocks
    Coming to Studio
  7. C2.2
    Decomposing a problem into code
    Break a situation into computational steps and write code that runs them.
    After C2.1code blocks
    Coming to Studio
  8. C2.3
    Reading and changing code
    Predict what code will output and alter it to meet new constraints.
    After C2.2code blocks
    Coming to Studio
  9. C3.1
    Linear or not?
    Compare graphs, tables and equations of linear and non-linear relations and explain how to tell them apart.
    After C1.2cartesian grid
    Coming to Studio
  10. C3.2
    Representing linear relations
    Show a linear relation with a table, a graph and an equation, and move between them.
    After C3.1cartesian grid
    Coming to Studio
  11. C3.3
    Where two lines meet
    Compare two linear relations and interpret their point of intersection in context.
    After C3.2cartesian grid
    Coming to Studio
  12. C4.1
    Rate of change
    Interpret slope as a constant rate of change in a linear relation, and initial value as the intercept.
    After C3.2cartesian grid
    Coming to Studio
  13. C4.2
    Graphing from an equation
    Graph lines given as x = k, y = k, ax + by = k and y = mx + b.
    After C4.1cartesian grid
    Coming to Studio
  14. C4.3
    Transforming lines
    Translate, reflect and rotate a line and describe how its equation changes.
    After C4.2cartesian grid
    Coming to Studio
  15. C4.4
    Equation from a graph or table
    Find the equation of a line from two points, a graph or a table.
    After C4.1cartesian grid
    Coming to Studio
Strand D

Data

One- and two-variable data, scatter plots, and mathematical modelling.

6
  1. D1.1
    Big data and its implications
    Describe a current situation that involves a large amount of data and its potential impacts.
    reading pane
    Coming to Studio
  2. D1.2
    One-variable data
    Represent and analyse one-variable data with appropriate graphs and summary measures.
    bar graph
    Coming to Studio
  3. D1.3
    Scatter plots and lines of best fit
    Create a scatter plot for two variables, describe the trend and draw a line of best fit.
    After D1.2cartesian grid
    Coming to Studio
  4. D1.4
    Predicting and correlation
    Use a line of best fit to make predictions and describe the strength of a correlation.
    After D1.3cartesian grid
    Coming to Studio
  5. D2.1
    Why model mathematically
    Describe the value of mathematical modelling and how it is used to make decisions.
    modelling canvas
    Coming to Studio
  6. D2.2
    Modelling a real situation
    Apply the modelling process to a real-life situation and communicate the results.
    After D2.1C3.2modelling canvas
    Coming to Studio
Strand E

Geometry and Measurement

Geometric relationships, units, dimensions, and composite measures.

6
  1. E1.1
    Where a geometry idea came from
    Research the history of a geometric concept, like pi or the Pythagorean theorem.
    reading pane
    Coming to Studio
  2. E1.2
    Designs with geometric relationships
    Create and analyse designs using angles, symmetry and shapes.
    geometry canvas
    Coming to Studio
  3. E1.3
    Converting units
    Solve problems converting within and between measurement systems.
    ratio table
    Coming to Studio
  4. E1.4
    Changing dimensions
    Show how changing a dimension changes perimeter, area, surface area and volume.
    After E1.3geometry canvas
    Coming to Studio
  5. E1.5
    Composite shapes and solids
    Solve problems involving perimeter, area, surface area and volume of composite figures.
    After E1.4geometry canvas
    Coming to Studio
  6. E1.6
    Pythagoras and similar triangles
    Use the Pythagorean theorem and similar triangles to find unknown lengths.
    After E1.3geometry canvas
    Coming to Studio
Strand F

Financial Literacy

Financial decisions, appreciation and depreciation, credit, budgets.

4
  1. F1.1
    Learning from a financial situation
    Analyse a past or current financial situation and what it teaches about decisions.
    reading pane
    Coming to Studio
  2. F1.2
    Appreciation and depreciation
    Identify things that gain or lose value over time and model the change.
    cartesian grid
    Coming to Studio
  3. F1.3
    Comparing credit
    Compare interest rates, fees and rewards on credit options and explain the trade-offs.
    After F1.2ratio table
    Coming to Studio
  4. F1.4
    Adjusting a budget
    Modify a budget to reflect a change in circumstances and justify the changes.
    After F1.3data table
    Coming to Studio

English (ENL1W)

The Ontario Curriculum, Grade 9: English, 2023 (de-streamed) · 17 concepts
Strand A

Literacy Connections and Applications

Transferable skills, digital media literacy, and applying literacy across contexts.

3
  1. A1.1
    Transferable skills in literacy
    Use critical thinking, communication and collaboration skills across every subject.
    reflection
    Coming to Studio
  2. A2.1
    Digital media literacy
    Evaluate online sources, understand digital citizenship and create media responsibly.
    media viewer
    Coming to Studio
  3. A3.1
    Many voices in Canadian texts
    Read and discuss texts by Indigenous, Black and diverse Canadian creators and connect them to identity.
    reading pane
    Coming to Studio
Strand B

Foundations of Language

Oral communication, word-level skills, vocabulary and conventions.

4
  1. B1.1
    Listening and speaking to learn
    Listen actively, speak clearly and adapt to purpose and audience in discussion and presentation.
    audio prompt
    Coming to Studio
  2. B2.1
    Word structure and vocabulary
    Use morphology and context to read and learn new words, including academic vocabulary.
    word builder
    Coming to Studio
  3. B3.1
    Sentence structure and grammar
    Use varied sentence structures and correct grammar to make meaning clear.
    sentence builder
    Coming to Studio
  4. B3.2
    Punctuation and spelling
    Apply punctuation and spelling conventions accurately in polished work.
    After B3.1sentence builder
    Coming to Studio
Strand C

Comprehension: Understanding and Responding to Texts

Text forms, comprehension strategies and critical thinking.

5
  1. C1.1
    Text forms and their features
    Identify forms, genres and features of texts and how they shape meaning.
    reading pane
    Coming to Studio
  2. C2.1
    Comprehension strategies
    Use strategies before, during and after reading to make sense of complex texts.
    After C1.1reading pane
    Coming to Studio
  3. C2.2
    Analysing literary devices
    Explain how imagery, figurative language and structure create effect.
    After C2.1reading pane
    Coming to Studio
  4. C3.1
    Perspective and bias
    Analyse whose perspective a text presents, whose is missing, and how that shapes the message.
    After C2.1reading pane
    Coming to Studio
  5. C3.2
    Evaluating arguments
    Judge the reasoning and evidence in persuasive and informational texts.
    After C3.1reading pane
    Coming to Studio
Strand D

Composition: Expressing Ideas and Creating Texts

Planning, drafting, revising, publishing, and reflecting.

5
  1. D1.1
    Purpose, audience and research
    Plan writing for a purpose and audience and gather ideas from sources, with citations.
    writing pad
    Coming to Studio
  2. D2.1
    Creating texts in many forms
    Write narratives, essays, reports and media texts using the conventions of each form.
    After D1.1writing pad
    Coming to Studio
  3. D2.2
    Voice, tone and word choice
    Shape voice and tone through word choice and sentence variety.
    After D2.1writing pad
    Coming to Studio
  4. D3.1
    Revising and editing
    Revise for ideas and organization, then edit for conventions, using feedback.
    After D2.1writing pad
    Coming to Studio
  5. D3.2
    Publishing and reflecting
    Publish work in a chosen medium and reflect on growth as a writer.
    After D3.1writing pad
    Coming to Studio

Science (SNC1W)

The Ontario Curriculum, Grade 9: Science, 2022 (de-streamed) · 24 concepts
Strand A

STEM Investigation and Communication Skills

Scientific inquiry, engineering design, and careers.

3
  1. A1.1
    Scientific investigation
    Plan and carry out investigations with controlled variables, record data, and communicate findings.
    lab notebook
    Coming to Studio
  2. A1.2
    Engineering design
    Apply the design process to build and improve a solution to a problem.
    design board
    Coming to Studio
  3. A2.1
    Science in careers and communities
    Connect science to careers, Indigenous knowledge and community issues.
    reflection
    Coming to Studio
Strand B

Biology: Sustainable Ecosystems and Climate Change

Ecosystems, human impact, and climate.

5
  1. B1.1
    Assessing human impact on ecosystems
    Evaluate the effects of human activity on an ecosystem and possible solutions.
    After B2.4reflection
    Coming to Studio
  2. B2.1
    Ecosystem structure
    Describe biotic and abiotic components, populations, communities and biomes.
    habitat scene
    Coming to Studio
  3. B2.2
    Energy flow and cycles
    Trace energy through food webs and matter through the carbon and water cycles.
    After B2.1food web
    Coming to Studio
  4. B2.3
    Climate change: causes and evidence
    Explain the greenhouse effect, human contributions and evidence of a changing climate.
    After B2.2diagram
    Coming to Studio
  5. B2.4
    Sustainability and stewardship
    Describe sustainable practices and Indigenous perspectives on caring for the land.
    After B2.3reflection
    Coming to Studio
Strand C

Chemistry: Atoms, Elements and Compounds

Atomic theory, the periodic table, and compounds.

6
  1. C1.1
    Chemicals in everyday life
    Assess the risks and benefits of common chemicals and their disposal.
    After C2.4reflection
    Coming to Studio
  2. C2.1
    Atomic theory and the atom
    Describe the development of atomic theory and the structure of the atom: protons, neutrons, electrons.
    diagram
    Coming to Studio
  3. C2.2
    Bohr-Rutherford diagrams
    Draw atoms and ions for the first 20 elements.
    After C2.1diagram
    Coming to Studio
  4. C2.3
    The periodic table
    Explain groups, periods and trends, and predict properties from position.
    After C2.2sort cards
    Coming to Studio
  5. C2.4
    Ionic and molecular compounds
    Tell ionic from molecular compounds, name them and write formulas.
    After C2.3diagram
    Coming to Studio
  6. C2.5
    Physical and chemical change
    Distinguish physical from chemical changes using evidence.
    After C2.4lab notebook
    Coming to Studio
Strand D

Physics: Electricity and Magnetism

Static and current electricity, circuits, and electromagnetism.

6
  1. D1.1
    Electricity choices
    Assess how electricity is generated and used, and the impacts of each source.
    After D2.5reflection
    Coming to Studio
  2. D2.1
    Static electricity
    Explain charging by friction, contact and induction, and the law of electric charges.
    diagram
    Coming to Studio
  3. D2.2
    Current, voltage and resistance
    Define current, potential difference and resistance and measure them in a circuit.
    After D2.1circuit sim
    Coming to Studio
  4. D2.3
    Series and parallel circuits
    Build and analyse series and parallel circuits and predict their behaviour.
    After D2.2circuit sim
    Coming to Studio
  5. D2.4
    Ohm's law
    Use V = IR to solve circuit problems.
    After D2.3circuit sim
    Coming to Studio
  6. D2.5
    Magnetism and electromagnetism
    Describe magnetic fields, electromagnets, motors and generators.
    After D2.2diagram
    Coming to Studio
Strand E

Earth and Space: Space Exploration

The universe, celestial objects, and exploring space.

4
  1. E1.1
    Costs and benefits of space exploration
    Assess the value of space exploration and satellite technology to society.
    After E2.3reflection
    Coming to Studio
  2. E2.1
    The universe and its origins
    Describe the Big Bang and evidence for it, and the scale of the universe.
    diagram
    Coming to Studio
  3. E2.2
    Stars, galaxies and the solar system
    Describe the life cycle of stars and the components of the solar system.
    After E2.1diagram
    Coming to Studio
  4. E2.3
    Technology for exploring space
    Explain how telescopes, probes and human spaceflight gather knowledge, and the effects of space on humans.
    After E2.2reading pane
    Coming to Studio

Issues in Canadian Geography (CGC1W)

The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 9 and 10: Canadian and World Studies, 2018 (CGC1D/CGC1P; de-streamed as CGC1W) · 14 concepts
Strand A

Geographic Inquiry and Skill Development

Inquiry, spatial skills and maps.

2
  1. A1.1
    Geographic inquiry
    Formulate questions, gather and interpret data, and communicate findings on a geographic issue.
    source viewer
    Coming to Studio
  2. A1.2
    Reading and making maps
    Use scale, direction, grids, thematic maps and GIS to represent spatial information.
    map canada
    Coming to Studio
Strand B

Interactions in the Physical Environment

Landforms, climate, natural processes and disasters.

3
  1. B1.1
    Canada's physical regions
    Describe the landform, climate and vegetation regions of Canada and how they formed.
    After A1.2map canada
    Coming to Studio
  2. B1.2
    Climate and weather patterns
    Explain the factors that shape Canada's climates and the effects of climate change on them.
    After B1.1diagram
    Coming to Studio
  3. B1.3
    Natural hazards
    Analyse the causes and effects of natural disasters in Canada and how communities prepare.
    After B1.1map canada
    Coming to Studio
Strand C

Managing Canada's Resources and Industries

Natural resources, industries, and sustainability.

3
  1. C1.1
    Resource use and sustainability
    Assess how Canada uses natural resources and the impacts on the environment and communities.
    After B1.1reflection
    Coming to Studio
  2. C1.2
    Industries and the economy
    Describe Canada's primary, secondary and tertiary industries and where they are.
    After C1.1map canada
    Coming to Studio
  3. C1.3
    Energy in Canada
    Compare energy sources used in Canada and their trade-offs.
    After C1.1bar graph
    Coming to Studio
Strand D

Changing Populations

Demographics, immigration, Indigenous communities and settlement.

3
  1. D1.1
    Population patterns
    Interpret population pyramids and describe trends in growth, age and distribution.
    bar graph
    Coming to Studio
  2. D1.2
    Immigration and diversity
    Explain patterns of immigration and their impact on Canadian communities.
    After D1.1map canada
    Coming to Studio
  3. D1.3
    Indigenous communities and land
    Describe the relationship between Indigenous peoples and the land, including treaties.
    map canada
    Coming to Studio
Strand E

Liveable Communities

Urban growth, land use, transportation and quality of life.

3
  1. E1.1
    What makes a community liveable
    Analyse factors that affect quality of life in Canadian communities.
    reflection
    Coming to Studio
  2. E1.2
    Land use and urban growth
    Describe land-use patterns and issues of urban sprawl and transportation.
    After E1.1map canada
    Coming to Studio
  3. E1.3
    Planning a sustainable community
    Propose improvements to a community's sustainability and liveability.
    After E1.2design board
    Coming to Studio

Core French (FSF1D)

The Ontario Curriculum: French as a Second Language, Core French Grades 9-12, 2014 · 8 concepts
Strand A

Listening

Understanding spoken French and listening to interact.

2
  1. A1.1
    Listening to understand
    Understand the main idea and details of spoken French on familiar topics using strategies.
    audio prompt
    Coming to Studio
  2. A2.1
    Listening to interact
    Follow and respond appropriately in a conversation.
    After A1.1audio prompt
    Coming to Studio
Strand B

Speaking

Speaking to communicate and to interact.

2
  1. B1.1
    Speaking to communicate
    Present ideas in French with accurate pronunciation and appropriate vocabulary.
    After A1.1speaking prompt
    Coming to Studio
  2. B2.1
    Speaking to interact
    Take part in guided and open conversations, asking and answering questions.
    After B1.1speaking prompt
    Coming to Studio
Strand C

Reading

Comprehension, purpose and features of French texts.

2
  1. C1.1
    Reading comprehension
    Understand a variety of French texts using strategies and knowledge of vocabulary and grammar.
    reading pane
    Coming to Studio
  2. C2.1
    Purpose, form and intercultural understanding
    Identify the purpose and features of texts and what they show about French-speaking communities.
    After C1.1reading pane
    Coming to Studio
Strand D

Writing

Writing for a purpose and applying the writing process.

2
  1. D1.1
    Writing to communicate
    Write French texts for a purpose and audience using appropriate forms and vocabulary.
    After C1.1writing pad
    Coming to Studio
  2. D2.1
    The writing process in French
    Plan, draft, revise and edit French writing, applying grammar conventions.
    After D1.1writing pad
    Coming to Studio

Healthy Active Living Education (PPL1O)

The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 9 to 12: Health and Physical Education, 2015 · 10 concepts
Strand A

Active Living

Participation, fitness and safety.

3
  1. A1.1
    Active participation
    Take part regularly in physical activities and explain the benefits.
    activity log
    Coming to Studio
  2. A1.2
    Personal fitness
    Assess fitness and set and pursue personal goals.
    After A1.1activity log
    Coming to Studio
  3. A1.3
    Safety
    Follow safety practices and respond appropriately to injury.
    reflection
    Coming to Studio
Strand B

Movement Competence

Skills, concepts and strategies.

2
  1. B1.1
    Movement skills and concepts
    Perform movement skills with control and apply movement principles.
    activity log
    Coming to Studio
  2. B1.2
    Strategies and tactics
    Apply strategies in a range of physical activities and games.
    After B1.1diagram
    Coming to Studio
Strand C

Healthy Living

Health concepts, choices and connections.

5
  1. C1.1
    Healthy eating
    Analyse food choices, nutrition labels and influences on eating.
    food guide
    Coming to Studio
  2. C1.2
    Personal safety and injury prevention
    Assess risks, including online, and know how to stay safe and get help.
    reflection
    Coming to Studio
  3. C1.3
    Substance use and addictions
    Analyse effects of substances and factors that influence use.
    reflection
    Coming to Studio
  4. C1.4
    Human development and sexual health
    Explain healthy relationships, consent and reproductive health.
    reflection
    Coming to Studio
  5. C1.5
    Mental health and well-being
    Describe factors that support mental health and strategies for coping and getting help.
    reflection
    Coming to Studio

Religious Education: Discipleship and Culture (HRE1O)

Catholic boards · Ontario Catholic Secondary Curriculum Policy Document: Religious Education, Grades 9-12 (Institute for Catholic Education, 2016) · 11 concepts
Strand A

Scripture (SC)

Reading the Bible as the Word of God and the story of discipleship.

2
  1. A1.1
    How the Bible is organized
    Navigate the Old and New Testaments and describe the kinds of writing in them.
    reading pane
    Coming to Studio
  2. A1.2
    The call of the disciples
    Read the Gospel accounts of Jesus calling disciples and what discipleship asks.
    After A1.1reading pane
    Coming to Studio
Strand B

Profession of Faith (PF)

Core beliefs of the Catholic faith.

2
  1. B1.1
    The Creed
    Explain the main statements of the Apostles' and Nicene Creeds.
    reading pane
    Coming to Studio
  2. B1.2
    Jesus and the Kingdom of God
    Describe Jesus' teaching about the Kingdom and how the Church continues it.
    After B1.1reading pane
    Coming to Studio
Strand C

Christian Moral Development (CM)

Conscience, virtue and moral decision-making.

2
  1. C1.1
    Forming a conscience
    Describe how conscience is formed and used in moral decisions.
    reflection
    Coming to Studio
  2. C1.2
    Virtues and character
    Explain the cardinal and theological virtues and their role in daily life.
    After C1.1sort cards
    Coming to Studio
Strand D

Prayer and Sacramental Life (PS)

Prayer, liturgy and the sacraments.

2
  1. D1.1
    Forms of prayer
    Practise and compare different forms of prayer in the Catholic tradition.
    reflection
    Coming to Studio
  2. D1.2
    Sacraments of initiation
    Explain Baptism, Confirmation and Eucharist and their place in Christian life.
    story map
    Coming to Studio
Strand E

Family Life (FL)

Relationships, sexuality and the family in Catholic teaching.

2
  1. E1.1
    Healthy relationships
    Describe respectful relationships, friendship and dating in light of Catholic teaching.
    reflection
    Coming to Studio
  2. E1.2
    Human dignity and sexuality
    Explain Catholic teaching on the dignity of the person and chastity.
    After E1.1reflection
    Coming to Studio
Strand F

Research and Inquiry Skills (RI)

Investigating questions of faith and culture.

1
  1. F1.1
    Inquiry in religious studies
    Formulate questions, gather sources and communicate findings on a topic of faith and culture.
    source viewer
    Coming to Studio