Ontario, Canada · Curriculum spine
Grade 4
91 concepts across 1 subject. Codes follow the ministry's own expectation numbers; where a course is broken into bites (chapter.bite), each bite names the expectations it covers.
Mathematics
The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 1-8: Mathematics, 2020 · 91 concepts
Chapter 15
Chapter 1 · Numbers to 10 000
Build, read and compare numbers up to 10 000, round them, and estimate.
- 1.1Free to tryShow numbers with base-10 blocks, write them in standard form and word form, and count on by 1, 10, 100 and 1 000.
- 1.2Lesson readyEvery digit has a job: thousands, hundreds, tens or ones. Expanded form, and zero holding a place.
- 1.3Lesson readyCompare from the left, use > and <, put numbers in order, and find 1, 10, 100 or 1 000 more or less.
- 1.4Lesson readyRound to the nearest hundred or thousand on a number line, and use rounding to check an answer.
- 1.5Lesson readyEstimate with the leading digits, and decide when an estimate is enough.
Chapter 23
Chapter 2 · Addition up to 10 000
Add four-digit numbers, regrouping when a place gets ten or more.
- 2.1Lesson readyLine up the places and add, place by place.
- 2.2Lesson readyWhen the hundreds make 10 or more, trade 10 hundreds for 1 thousand.
- 2.3Lesson readyRegroup in more than one place, and check with an estimate.
Chapter 34
Chapter 3 · Subtraction up to 10 000
Subtract four-digit numbers, regrouping and subtracting across zeros.
- 3.1Lesson readyLine up the places and subtract, place by place.
- 3.2Lesson readyTrade 1 thousand for 10 hundreds when the hundreds are short.
- 3.3Lesson readyRegroup in more than one place.
- 3.4Lesson readySubtract from numbers like 4 000 and 7 003 by regrouping through the zeros.
Chapter 44
Chapter 4 · Bar Models: Adding and Subtracting
Draw a story as bars to see whether to add or subtract.
- 4.1Lesson readyDraw the parts as bars and put them together to find the total.
- 4.2Lesson readyKnow the whole and one part? Take it away to find the other part.
- 4.3Lesson readyComparison bars: find the difference, the bigger amount or the smaller amount.
- 4.4Lesson readySolve one bar model, then use the answer in the next; check by rounding.
Chapter 57
Chapter 5 · Multiplication Facts for 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 and 9
Learn the facts with groups, arrays and facts you already know.
- 5.1Lesson readyEqual groups and skip counting by 3.
- 5.2Lesson readyDouble the twos: skip counting and arrays for 4.
- 5.3Lesson readyUse 5 groups plus 1 more group to find the sixes.
- 5.4Lesson readySplit 7 into 5 and 2 to find the sevens.
- 5.5Lesson readyDouble the fours, and use 10 groups minus 2.
- 5.6Lesson ready10 groups minus 1 group, and the finger trick.
- 5.7Lesson readyEvery multiplication fact hides two division facts.
Chapter 65
Chapter 6 · Multiplication
Multiply by 10, 100 and 1 000, and multiply up to 3 digits by 1 digit.
- 6.1Lesson readyEach place moves up: 47 × 10 = 470.
- 6.2Lesson readyArrays and area models for 2-digit by 1-digit.
- 6.3Lesson readyOrder, grouping and splitting: three ways to make multiplying easier.
- 6.4Lesson readyMultiply each place, from the ones up.
- 6.5Lesson readyCarry when a place reaches ten or more.
Chapter 76
Chapter 7 · Division
Share and group, find remainders, and divide up to 3 digits by 1 digit.
- 7.1Lesson readyWhat each one gets, and what is left over.
- 7.2Lesson readyEven numbers split into pairs with nothing left.
- 7.3Lesson readyShare each place equally.
- 7.4Lesson readyTrade tens for ones when they do not share evenly.
- 7.5Lesson readyLong division, one place at a time.
- 7.6Lesson readyEach place moves down: 3 400 ÷ 100 = 34.
Chapter 84
Chapter 8 · Models: Multiplying and Dividing
Bar models for "times as many" stories and two-step problems.
- 8.1Lesson readyArray, area and bar models for multiplying stories.
- 8.2Lesson readyFirst one step, then the next, drawn as bars.
- 8.3Lesson readySharing and grouping stories, checked with multiplication.
- 8.4Lesson readyMultiply or subtract first, then divide.
Chapter 94
Chapter 9 · Length, Mass and Capacity
Millimetres to kilometres, grams to kilograms, millilitres to litres.
- 9.1Lesson readymm, cm, m and km, and changing between them.
- 9.2Lesson readyGrams and kilograms on a scale.
- 9.3Lesson readyMillilitres and litres in a measuring jug.
- 9.4Lesson readyStories with mixed units, solved with bar models.
Chapter 104
Chapter 10 · Money
Estimate costs, plan savings, and make change.
- 10.1Lesson readyHow long to save for something, and what it all costs.
- 10.2Lesson readyCount up or count down to make change.
- 10.3Lesson readyCash, debit, credit and digital wallets, and what each one means.
- 10.4Lesson readyMaking choices with the money you have.
Chapter 115
Chapter 11 · Time
Hours, minutes and days; adding, subtracting and elapsed time.
- 11.1Lesson readyHours and minutes, days and hours, decades and centuries.
- 11.2Lesson readyAdd the hours, add the minutes, regroup 60 minutes.
- 11.3Lesson readyTrade 1 hour for 60 minutes when you need to.
- 11.4Lesson readyHow long from start to finish, on a timeline.
- 11.5Lesson readyTrips, schedules and slow watches.
Chapter 125
Chapter 12 · Fractions
Parts of a whole, equivalent fractions, comparing, and fractions in division.
- 12.1Lesson readyNumerator and denominator, and fractions that make a whole.
- 12.2Lesson readyDifferent names for the same amount.
- 12.3Lesson readySame denominators, same numerators, and comparing with one half.
- 12.4Lesson ready3 × 1/4 is 1/4 + 1/4 + 1/4.
- 12.5Lesson readyShare the leftovers: 25 ÷ 4 = 6 and 1/4.
Chapter 137
Chapter 13 · Decimals
Tenths, comparing, fractions and decimals, adding, subtracting and rounding.
- 13.1Lesson readyOne tenth is 0.1: ten of them make one whole.
- 13.2Lesson readyCompare ones first, then tenths.
- 13.3Lesson ready7/10 and 0.7 are the same amount.
- 13.4Lesson readyLine up the decimal points and regroup ten tenths.
- 13.5Lesson readyRegroup one whole as ten tenths.
- 13.6Lesson readyRound tenths to the nearest whole number.
- 13.7Lesson readyMeasurement and money stories with tenths.
Chapter 142
Chapter 14 · Area
Square units, length × width, and finding a missing side.
- 14.1Lesson readyCount the squares, then use length × width.
- 14.2Lesson readyCarpets, frames and fields, and the side you do not know.
Chapter 154
Chapter 15 · Angles and Lines
Points, lines and angles; parallel, perpendicular, horizontal and vertical.
- 15.1Lesson readyAcute, right, obtuse and straight, and naming them.
- 15.2Lesson readyLines that meet at a right angle.
- 15.3Lesson readyLines that never meet.
- 15.4Lesson readyFlat like the horizon, straight up like a flagpole.
Chapter 165
Chapter 16 · Geometry
Rectangles, symmetry, reflections, translations and the coordinate grid.
- 16.1Lesson readyFour right angles, opposite sides equal; a square has all four equal.
- 16.2Lesson readyLines of symmetry and mirror images.
- 16.3Lesson readyPatterns made by reflecting shapes, and predicting the 20th shape.
- 16.4Lesson readySlide a shape: so many units left or right, up or down.
- 16.5Lesson readyFind and plot points like (3, 6).
Chapter 172
Chapter 17 · Probability
How likely something is, and predicting what will happen.
- 17.1Lesson readyImpossible, unlikely, equally likely, likely, certain.
- 17.2Lesson readyOut of 30 rolls, about how many 4s?
Chapter 186
Chapter 18 · Data and Graphs
Collect data, find mode, median and mean, and read and draw graphs.
- 18.1Lesson readyQuestions, tallies and frequency tables; numbers and categories.
- 18.2Lesson readyThe most common, the middle, and the fair share.
- 18.3Lesson readySort data by tens and ones to see its shape.
- 18.4Lesson readyCompare two or more groups side by side.
- 18.5Lesson readyWhich team did better? Use the median and the mean.
- 18.6Lesson readyChoose a graph and pictures to share what the data says.
Chapter 196
Chapter 19 · Patterns and Relationships
Pattern rules, tables of values, variables, equations and inequalities.
- 19.1Lesson readyFind the pattern core and show it in a table and a graph.
- 19.2Lesson readyWrite the rule and predict the 40th term.
- 19.3Lesson readyA letter stands for a number we do not know yet.
- 19.4Lesson readyGuess and check, or keep the balance level.
- 19.5Lesson readyMore than, less than, on a number line.
- 19.6Lesson readyTurn a real question into a math model and test it.
Chapter 203
Chapter 20 · Coding and Thinking Like a Mathematician
Write and fix code for math problems, and the habits that help.
- 20.1Lesson readySequences, repeats and conditions that solve a problem.
- 20.2Lesson readyPredict what code does, then change it to do something new.
- 20.3Lesson readyKeep going when it is hard, explain your thinking, and check.